摘要:本研究在以傳統生產高爐加入375kg/t的焦炭和160kg/t的煤粉的基礎上，采用加入一定量的循環煤氣（CO:H2=7：3）來取代煤粉時，分析高爐物料平衡和熱平衡變化情況。筆者經過系統的計算公式，編制出物料平衡和熱平衡表，得出在富氧率為30%，噴吹循環煤氣量為890m3/tFe的條件下即可滿足高爐冶煉還原劑和發熱劑的需求。該理論為工藝冶煉方案提供理論依據和意見，已達到高爐燃料大幅度降低、降低二氧化碳氣體的排放和節約冶煉成本的目的。同時，改善高爐性能、提高碳、氫利用率和提高高爐產量。因此，采用爐頂煤氣循環技術對鋼鐵工業的可持續發展具有十分重要的現實意義和深遠影響。

　　　本文通過改變噴吹煤氣量、富氧率等條件，分析富氧噴吹循環煤氣的物料平衡和熱平衡計算結果，繪制相關參數的變化圖表，總結出高爐噴吹煤氣后熱量利用情況和熱平衡變化規律：在一定的富氧率下，隨著噴吹煤氣量的增加，理論燃燒溫度降低，其溫度變化范圍在2060～2100℃之間，變化幅度不大；當噴吹煤氣量比較低時，隨著噴吹量的增加，直接還原度下降的趨勢比較緩慢，當噴吹量較大時，隨著噴煤量的增加，直接還原度降低幅度較大。當噴吹煤氣量一定的條件下，隨著富氧率的提高，冶煉單位生鐵需要的風量逐漸減少，但減小的幅度隨著富氧率的增加有所減弱。當富氧率低于10%時，風量降低較快；隨著富氧率的提高，風量降低趨勢有所減緩。

　　　結果表明，采用爐頂煤氣循環技術的可行性在理論上得到證實。從新工藝和傳統高爐冶煉工藝的工藝參數之間的對比分析結果可以看出：與傳統高爐工藝相比，新工藝在許多方面都有著顯著的優點：循環煤氣不僅降低了焦比，使冶煉生鐵所需燃料成本降低53.0元/tFe，其帶入的CO和H2使高爐還原性氣氛增強、冶煉強度提高、能耗減少、CO2排放量減少，達到了節能減排的目的，具有廣闊的應用前景。

關鍵詞：循環煤氣 物料平衡 熱平衡 冶煉性能

ABSTRACT:The research in the traditional production of blast furnace add 375 kg/t of coke and pulverized coal on the basis of 160 kg/t, by adding a certain amount of circulating gas (CO, H2 = 7:3) to replace the coal dust, the analysis of blast furnace, the change of the material balance and heat balance. Calculation formula of the author through the system, develop the material balance and heat balance, concluded in oxygen-enriched rate was 30%, the injection cycle gas volume of 890 m3/tFe conditions that can meet the needs of blast furnace smelting reductant and compound. The theory provide theoretical basis for smelting process scheme and opinion, has reached to reduce blast furnace fuel, reduce CO2 emissions and save smelting cost. At the same time, improve the performance of blast furnace, improve the utilization rate of carbon, hydrogen, and increase production of blast furnace. As a result, the flue gas recycling technology is adopted to the sustainable development of iron and steel industry has very important realistic meaning and far-reaching influence.

　　　This study by changing the injection amount of gas, oxygen enrichment rate conditions, analysis of rich oxygen blowing cycle gas material balance and heat balance calculations, drawing related parameters change chart, summed up the injection in the blast furnace gas after heat energy utilization and change rule: under the certain oxygen enrichment rate, with the increment of blowing gas, theory burning temperature is reduced, its temperature range between 2060 ~ 2100 ℃, changed slightly; When blowing gas quantity is low, with the increase of injection quantity direct reduction degree of downward trend slowly, and when the larger injection quantity, with the increase of coal injection quantity direct reduction degree is lower too. When blowing gas quantity under certain conditions, with the increase of oxygen enrichment rate, iron smelting unit need air volume gradually decreased, but the extent of decrease with the increase of oxygen enrichment rate reduced. When oxygen enrichment rate lower than 10%, air volume decrease quickly; With the increase of oxygen enrichment rate, air volume decrease trend slowed.

　　　The results show that the flue gas circulation technology feasibility is proved in theory. New technology and the traditional blast furnace smelting process between the process parameters of the comparison and analysis of the results can be seen that: Compared with the traditional blast furnace technology, new technology has obvious advantages in many aspects: circulation gas not only decrease the coke rate, lower the 

fuel needed for smelting of pig iron cost 53.0 yuan/tFe, CO and H2 to make it into the blast furnace reducing atmosphere to enhance, improve smelting strength, reduce energy consumption, CO2 emissions, achieved the purpose of energy conservation and emissions reduction, and has broad application prospects.

Key words：Top gas recycling；Material balance；Heat balance；Metallurgical performance