摘 要:外來生物入侵已成為當(dāng)今時代國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域最為重要的議題之一。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)化的發(fā)展，各國各地區(qū)之間的貿(mào)易往來越來越頻繁，尤其是進(jìn)出口貨物貿(mào)易的發(fā)展使得國際貿(mào)易成為生物入侵的主要渠道之一。

　　　本文共分為六個部分。第一個部分是緒論，主要介紹了生物入侵的概念以及國內(nèi)外關(guān)于國際貿(mào)易與生物入侵關(guān)系的研究。第二部分陳述了國際貿(mào)易造成中國生物入侵的現(xiàn)狀。第三部分主要分析了國際貿(mào)易帶來的生物入侵引發(fā)的問題。第四部分介紹了通過國際貿(mào)易造成生物入侵的模式。第五部分提出了國際貿(mào)易帶來的生物入侵的防御措施。第六部分總結(jié)全文。最后本文得出結(jié)論：中國入侵物種類群種數(shù)多，傳入來源廣，在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的分布廣，入侵的生物類型復(fù)雜；生物入侵給國際貿(mào)易帶來了嚴(yán)重的外部性，對國際貿(mào)易、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境等方面造成了嚴(yán)重的損害；中國的生物入侵主要來源于無意進(jìn)入；“關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)控制法”能有效防御中國生物入侵。　

關(guān)鍵詞：生物入侵；國際貿(mào)易；危害；防御措施

ABSTRACT:Biological invasion has become one of the most important issues in the field of international trade in the recent era. With the development of economic globalization and regional economic integration, the trade among countries and regions become more and more frequent. Especially the development of the import and export trade in goods makes international trade become one of the main channels of biological invasion. The biological invasion brings serious trade external to international trade and causes severe damage to the international trade, social economy and environment etc.

　　　This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the concept of biological invasion and domestic and international research on the relationship between international trade and biological invasion. The second part states the current situation of international trade caused biological invasion in china. The third part analyzes the problems brought by the biological invasion caused by international trade. The fourth part introduces the modes of biological invasion caused by international trade. The fifth part puts forward some prevention measures. The sixth part summarizes the full text. Finally this paper draws a conclusion: the group of invasive species is huge, the incoming source is wide, the distribution in ecosystem is wide and the types of biological invasion is complex；the biological invasion brings serious trade external to international trade and causes severe damage to the international trade, social economy and environment etc；the biological invasion in China comes mainly from inadvertently entered； "key point control method" turns out to be an effective way to prevent biological invasion.

Keywords: Biological Invasion; International Trade; Problems; Defense Measures