摘要:計量工作貫穿于油田勘探開發、油氣儲運、加工銷售及生產建設的全過程，是油田生產工藝控制、貿易與關聯交易、技術進步和“數字化”建設和發展的基礎，在油田的發展進程中發揮著重要的技術保障作用。

　　　本文介紹了原油計量系統的設計過程，闡述了原油計量系統的硬件設計、軟件設計的原理和方法，并給出了具體的設計方案。

　　　原油計量系統包括下位機系統和上位機系統。下位機以STC12C5A16AD單片機為主控芯片，通過超聲波傳感器檢測儲油罐內液位高度，將所測數據顯示和數據上傳；了解超聲波發射電路和接收電路設計。本設計主要任務是將液位計測量到的儲油罐內液位高度信號經安全隔離、采樣、量化編碼后送至單片機，單片機依據儲油罐體積數據模型公式，計算出原油的體積、重量，然后存儲、顯示和上傳；而上位機將下位機上傳的產量數據存入數據庫，以便查詢歷史的儲油量信息，人機界面通過LABVIEW實現。

關鍵詞：原油計量 單片機 超聲波傳感器 上位機 LABVIEW

ABSTRACT:Metrological work throughout the oil exploration and development, oil and gas storage and transportation, processing, sale and production of the entire process, is based in the oil production process control, trade and related party transactions, technological progress and the "digital" construction and development ,and development process technology plays an important role in safeguarding in oil field.

　　　This article describes the design process of crude oil metering system, elaborated crude oil metering system hardware design, software design principles and methods, and gives the specific design.

　　　Crude oil metering system includes lower computer systems and PC systems. lower computer is based on microcontroller of STC12C5A16AD, through ultrasonic sensors detect liquid level within the tank, the measured data display and data upload; understand the ultrasonic transmitter circuit and receiver circuit design. The design of the main task is to gauge measuring liquid level within the tank to signal through security isolation, sampling, quantization and coding sent to the microcontroller, the microcontroller tank volume data model based on the formula to calculate the volume of crude oil, the weight and storage, display and upload; while the PC will lower machine production data uploaded into the database so that the query history information storage capacity, human-machine interface via LABVIEW implementation.

Keywords：Crude oil; SCM; Ultrasonic sensors; PC; LABVIEW