摘要：近年來，國家大力支持大理州核桃種植，核桃產(chǎn)量每年都在增加，但很多縣市都采用手工脫皮，通常將核桃從樹上采下來發(fā)酵10天左右用鐵錘敲或剪子進行手工脫皮，這種方法尤其在大批核桃成熟急需脫皮時，不僅勞動強度大、脫皮效率低，而且果核破損率高，同時果汁濺出來腐蝕手及其皮膚，這樣對身體造成一定的危害。另一方面脫皮后有一層網(wǎng)狀細膜和脫皮時濺出來的果汁附著在核桃殼表面，這樣不得不拿去手工清洗，如果不清洗，干燥后變黑影響核桃的商品價值。

　　　為了提高脫皮效率，節(jié)約時間，減輕人們繁重而重復(fù)性的勞動，設(shè)計一臺脫皮清洗一體機是非常有必要的。為了達到較好的脫皮效果，設(shè)計采用滾刀旋轉(zhuǎn)擠壓及滾筒剪切脫皮原理進行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，設(shè)計中對對傳動系統(tǒng)進行了設(shè)計計算以及脫皮機構(gòu)、分離機構(gòu)及清洗機構(gòu)原理方案的設(shè)計。并對帶輪、軸以及樣機使用UG軟件進行簡單的建模。

關(guān)鍵詞：核桃；脫皮機構(gòu)；分離機構(gòu)；清洗機構(gòu)

Abstract：In recent years, the state has the strong support of Dali state walnut planting .Walnut production is increasing every year, but many cities and counties are using hand-peeling.Usually walnuts pluck from the trees by hand-peeling fermentation about 10 days with a hammer knocking or scissors clipping . According to this, especially when a large number of mature walnut need urgently peeling,which is not only labor-intensive, low peeling rate,but also core breakage rate .Then juice can spill out and corrosion our hands and skin, it can cause some harm to the body. On the other hand, after peeling ,fruit juice splashes the surface of the walnut shell, like this we had to take manual cleaning. If it doesn’t clean, walnuts grow dried and black will attect will affect the value of the goods.  

     In order to improve the efficiency of peeling ，save time and reduce the people ’s heavy and repetitive work. So designing a peeling washing machine is very necessary. In order to achieve good peeling efficiency, determining to use the hob rotary extrusion and drum shear dehulling principle to design systematically.  The design of transmission system designs for design calculation and the peeling mechanism, isolation mechanism and a cleaning mechanism scheme design. And the belt wheel, shaft and a prototype UG software simple modeling.  

Keywords：Walnut; The peeling mechanism; separation mechanism; cleaning mechanism

　　　近年來，國家大力支持大理州核桃種植，核桃產(chǎn)量每年都在增加，但很多縣市都采用手工脫皮，通常將核桃從樹上采下來發(fā)酵10天左右用鐵錘敲或剪子進行手工脫皮，這種方法尤其在大批核桃成熟急需脫皮時，不僅勞動強度大、脫皮效率低，而且果核破損率高，同時果汁濺出來腐蝕手及其皮膚，這樣對身體造成一定的危害。另一方面脫皮后有一層網(wǎng)狀細膜和脫皮時濺出來的果汁附著在核桃殼表面，這樣不得不拿去手工清洗，如果不清洗，干燥后變黑影響核桃的商品價值。因此，為了改善現(xiàn)有大理州手工青核桃去皮及清洗的傳統(tǒng)方法，提高脫皮效率，節(jié)約時間，減輕人們繁重而重復(fù)性的勞動，設(shè)計一臺脫皮清洗一體機是非常有必要的，為了達到較好的脫皮效果，所以確定采用滾刀旋轉(zhuǎn)擠壓及滾筒剪切脫皮原理進行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。