摘要:隨著世界能源的日趨匱乏和科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，加之人們對環(huán)境保護的需要，人們在努力尋找一種能替代石油、天然氣等能源的可再生、環(huán)保、潔凈的綠色能源。風(fēng)能是當(dāng)前最有發(fā)展前景的一種新型能源，它是取之不盡用之不竭的能源，還是一種潔凈、無污染、可再生的綠色能源。

　　　由于風(fēng)能具有不穩(wěn)定、能量密度低、可利用范圍有限、隨機性等特點，并且風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組是復(fù)雜多變量非線性不確定系統(tǒng)，所以，有效的技術(shù)控制是安全高效運行的關(guān)鍵。而偏航系統(tǒng)就從水平軸風(fēng)力發(fā)電機控制系統(tǒng)中脫穎而出。偏航系統(tǒng)可以分為被動迎風(fēng)偏航和主動迎風(fēng)偏航。被動偏航系統(tǒng)力矩由風(fēng)力產(chǎn)生，下風(fēng)向風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組合安裝尾舵的上風(fēng)向風(fēng)力力發(fā)電機組屬于被動偏航。主動偏航系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用液壓機構(gòu)或者電動機和齒輪機構(gòu)來使風(fēng)力發(fā)電機迎風(fēng)，大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電多采用主動偏航系統(tǒng)。由位于下風(fēng)向的風(fēng)向標(biāo)發(fā)出的信號進行主動對風(fēng)控制。本文設(shè)計跟蹤風(fēng)向的變化，驅(qū)動機艙圍繞塔架中心線旋轉(zhuǎn)，使風(fēng)輪掃掠面與風(fēng)向保持垂直。從而使機艙更加，平穩(wěn)、精確地對風(fēng)。

　　　本文介紹了雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理和風(fēng)力機的偏航控制機構(gòu)、驅(qū)動機構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，采用FX2NPLC步進順序控制來對風(fēng)力發(fā)電機自動偏航系統(tǒng)進行分析。系統(tǒng)根據(jù)風(fēng)向、風(fēng)速傳感器采集的數(shù)據(jù)，采取邏輯控制主動對風(fēng)，實現(xiàn)了對風(fēng)過程可控。

關(guān)鍵詞： 風(fēng)能；雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組；偏航系統(tǒng)；風(fēng)向標(biāo);驅(qū)動機構(gòu)；PLC

ABSTRACT:Along with world energy day by day deficient and science and technology rapid development, adds the people to the environmental protection need, the people are seeking one kind to be able diligently to substitute energy renewably and so on petroleum, natural gas, the environmental protection, the pure green energy.The wind can be current most has the prospects for development one kind of new energy, it is the inexhaustible inexhaustible energy, one kind pure, does not have the pollution, the renewable green energy.

　　　Because the wind can have, the energy density not not stably low, may use the scope limitedly, characteristics and so on randomness, and the wind power generation unit is the complex multivariable non-linearity indefinite system, therefore, the effective technical control is the safe highly effective movement key.But drifts off course the system on to fully expose talent from the horizontal axis wind-driven generator control system.The drift system may divide into passive drifts off course against the wind and against the wind drifts off course on own initiative.The passive drift system moment of force by the wind power production, gets down the wind direction wind-driven generator combination to install the tail vane on wind direction wind power strength power set to belong to the passive drift.The initiative drift system application hydraulic gear or the electric motor and the gear mechanism causes the wind-driven generator against the wind, the large-scale wind power generation uses the initiative drift system much. The signal which by is located leewardly to the windvane sends out to carry on the initiative windward control.This article designs the track wind direction the change, actuates the engine room to revolve tower middle line revolving, causes the wind wheel to sweep plunders the surface and the wind direction maintains is vertical.Thus causes the engine room, steady, precisely windward.

　　　This article introduced the double-fed wind-driven generator structure and the principle of work and the anemometer yaw control organization, in the driving mechanism foundation, uses FX2NPLC to step-by-step the sequential control to carry on the analysis to the wind-driven generator automatic drift system.System data which according to the wind direction, the wind speed sensor gathers, adopts the logical control initiative windward, realized the windward process to be controllable.

Key word: Wind energy; Double-fed wind power generation unit; Drift system; Windvane; Driving mechanism; PLC