摘要:近年來，世界裝備制造業正向高速度、高精度、高效率的方向發展。高速數控機床，作為高速加工方法之一，具有高效、加工表面優良等優點，在制造中得到了廣泛的應用。而作為高速數控機床核心部件的高速電主軸，由于其對數控機床的加工精度起著決定性作用，倍受人們關注。

　　　高速電主軸的關鍵技術之一是電主軸的動態性能實驗技術。目前，高速電主軸實驗加載方法普遍采用對拖式加載方法，這種加載方法只能提供主軸的扭矩加載，不能提供主軸的徑向加載。這些技術的不足都影響了對高速電主軸動態性能的準確測量。

　　　本文對高速電主軸V/F變頻控制方式和矢量變頻控制方式的原理進行了簡要介紹，設計了高速電主軸非接觸式加載方案，并對高速電主軸的機械特性、恒轉矩特性進行測試和分析。這些研究、設計以及測試分析不但避免了對拖式加載方法的弊端，解決了對高速電主軸進行加載的實驗難題，而且能更好的了解高速電主軸的動態性能，易于提升數控機床的加工精度、速度以及可靠性。

關鍵詞：高速電主軸  變頻控制  測功機  非接觸式加載

ABSTRACT:In recent years, the equipment manufacturing industry has been rapidly developed towards the direction of high speed, high precision and high efficiency. As a high-speed processing method, high-speed NC machine tools with the advantages of increasing efficient, excellent machined surface has been widely used, and the high speed motorized spindle as the core component of high-speed NC machine tools which plays a decisive role in its machining accuracy has been paid much attention.

　　　One of the key technologies of high-speed motorized spindle is the dynamic performance experimental technique of motorized spindle. At present, the way of inter-drag to load on high speed motorized spindle is used, which only provide the spindle torque load, can't provide the spindle radial load. All the disadvantages of these technologies affect the accurate measurement of the high speed motorized spindle’s dynamic performance.

　　　In this paper, the principle of V/F converter control mode and vector variable frequency control mode of the high-speed motorized spindle are introduced, a non-contact loading scheme for high-speed motorized spindle is designed, the mechanical characteristics and constant torque characteristics of high speed motorized spindle are also tested and analyzed. These studies, design and test analysis not only can avoid the disadvantages caused by the inter-drag load method and well solve the problem of loading experiment for high-speed motorized spindle, but also can understand the dynamic performance of high-speed motorized spindle better, and improve machining accuracy, speed and reliability of NC machine tools more easily.

Key words：High speed motorized spindle；Frequency conversion control；Dynamometer；Non-contact dynamic loading