摘 要:汽車橋殼是汽車的主要承載構(gòu)件之一，國(guó)內(nèi)外的橋殼制造方法主要是鑄造、沖壓焊接、液壓脹形。鑄造件有剛性好、強(qiáng)度高、塑性變形小、壁厚分布好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但質(zhì)量大、費(fèi)材耗能、生產(chǎn)不環(huán)保而且工藝不易控制；沖壓焊接雖然較鑄造橋殼具有重量較輕、制造成本較低等優(yōu)勢(shì)，但其制造工藝過程繁瑣、焊接工作量大、污染環(huán)境且易發(fā)生漏油、斷裂的現(xiàn)象。管材液壓脹形技術(shù)由于具有簡(jiǎn)化制造工藝、減輕制件質(zhì)量、提高制件剛度等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)廣泛用于航空、航天和汽車等領(lǐng)域。

　　　液壓機(jī)專用輔助機(jī)械手是異型管材成形工藝過程的關(guān)鍵裝置之一。本次的設(shè)計(jì)是在給定的任務(wù)書下，查閱課題的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，確定液壓機(jī)輔助專用機(jī)械手工作原理和總體結(jié)構(gòu)。再結(jié)合所學(xué)液壓和機(jī)械方面相關(guān)知識(shí)，合理的進(jìn)行管件成形工藝整體方案、液壓機(jī)輔助專用機(jī)械手選型、主要零部件設(shè)計(jì)和機(jī)械手主要參數(shù)的計(jì)算。最后完成液壓機(jī)輔助專用機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)，繪出機(jī)械手總設(shè)計(jì)圖、零部件圖整個(gè)機(jī)械手裝置的裝配圖，并利用Solidworks2011三維建模軟件三維建模，有限元分析。

　　　本次設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)械手的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)由三個(gè)液壓缸組成，伸縮缸和升降缸都采用雙作用單桿活塞缸，作用缸采用單作用雙桿活塞缸。其液壓系統(tǒng)采用單向控制閥控制的順序動(dòng)作回路。

關(guān)鍵詞：液壓缸 機(jī)械手 脹形技術(shù)

ABSTRACT:Automobile axle housing is one of the car's main carrier member, method of manufacturing axle housing in abroad is mainly casting, stamping, welding, hydraulic bulging. Casting has good rigidity, high strength, small plastic deformation, uniform wall thickness distribution, etc., but the quality is great, the production process is not environmentally friendly and easy to control; stamping and welding although more cast axle with a lighter, manufacturing and low cost advantages, but its manufacturing process cumbersome, welding capacity, environmental pollution and prone to leak, rupture phenomenon. Because tube hydroforming technology has such advantages simplified the manufacturing process, reducing the quality of parts and improve workpiece stiffness, etc., tube hydroforming technology have been widely used in aviation, aerospace and automotive fields.

　　Auxiliary manipulator used in hydraulic machine is the key device of the shaped pipe forming process, its quality performance directly affects the normal operation of process and production continuously. The design based on the mission statement, look up topics relevant literature, determine working principle and overall structure. Combining the knowledge of hydraulic and mechanical aspects, reasonable designing program of tube forming process, designing main components and calculating the main parameters manipulator. After designing the auxiliary manipulator , draw robotic total design, parts diagram whole manipulator device assembly drawings and  modeling by Solidworks2011, finite element analysis. 

　　The design of the robot's mechanical structure consists of three components of hydraulic cylinders, telescopic cylinders and lift cylinders are double acting single rod piston cylinder, single acting double acting cylinder piston rod cylinder. Its hydraulic system uses the order of one-way control valve action loop.

Keywords: hydraulic cylinder  manipulator  bulging technology