摘  要：資本結構是中小企業(yè)理財?shù)年P鍵環(huán)節(jié)，也是中小企業(yè)治理的關鍵。中小企業(yè)資本結構是否合理，不僅對企業(yè)的籌資能力產(chǎn)生重要影響，而且對企業(yè)籌資乃至投資戰(zhàn)略目標的實現(xiàn)都起著決定性的作用。資本結構是否合理將會直接影響到企業(yè)目前和將來的發(fā)展狀況，甚至會影響到企業(yè)的生死存亡。隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度的建立，企業(yè)的籌資渠道和籌資方式日趨多元化，資本結構的優(yōu)化已成為現(xiàn)代中小企業(yè)籌資決策中的核心問題。

　　　鑒于此，本文以資本結構理論為基礎，強調了資本結構優(yōu)化對中小企業(yè)的目的及其意義，針對我國企業(yè)資本結構的現(xiàn)狀分析了其資本結構存在問題及其形成原因，用定量、定性分析方法分析最佳資本結構。并有針對性的對中小企業(yè)如何完善資本結構提出具體措施和建議。

關鍵字：中小企業(yè)  資本結構  結構現(xiàn)狀  優(yōu)化

ABSTRACT：Capital structure is the key to corporate finance and corporate governance. Whether the capital structure of small and medium-sized enterprises is reasonable, not only has a significant impact on the enterprises’ ability to raise funds, but also plays a decisive role in the realization of the enterprises’ goal of financing and investment strategy. Capital structure is reasonable will directly affect the current and future business development, and even affect the survival of the enterprise. With the development of China's socialist market economy and modern enterprise system, corporate sources of funding and financing have become more diversified capital structure optimization has become a modern enterprise financing the core of decision-making.

　　　Therefore, the paper is on the basis of the theory of capital structure, emphasizing on the purpose and significance of optimizing capital structure for small and medium-sized enterprises, analyzing the existing problems of the capital structure of our country’s enterprises and its causes aiming at the status of the capital structure, as well as the optimal capital structure by using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. Additionally, the paper will propose concrete measures and suggestions to improve capital structure for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Keywords：SMEs；Capital structure；Structure status；Optimization