摘要：改革開放以來，我國家庭收入和財富都有了大幅度增長。而隨著家庭收入與財富的增長及世界整體投資環境的影響，在21世紀初，中國的金融市場掀起了一片狂潮——國人對股票的癡迷、對基金的追捧達到了歷史最高點，外加物價的飛快上漲、負利率時代的來臨，使得更大范圍的人群對理財的需求日益增強，市場上掀起的那勢不可當的理財熱潮如雨后春筍般成長起來。不過，到2008年的形勢卻發生了很大的轉折：隨著美國次貸危機的影響，世界經濟的整體開始衰退，中國也受到了一定程度的牽連，全部投資市場的熱度大不如前，投資者回歸理性，重新樂于選擇將資金存入安全系數高的銀行，借以躲避金融危機帶來資產流失的隱患。而從去年開始，世界經濟逐漸回升，從這可以看出，經濟周期是循環波動的，有波谷就會有波峰，理應用樂觀、積極、理性的眼光去面對目前表現還不穩定的市場。

　　　個人理財也逐步受到人們的重視，這不再是陌生的話題，已經被越來越多的家庭和個人所重視。那么，如何管理好個人經濟，是維系一個家庭及過好日子的至關重要問題。經濟市場明顯的不穩定，也會影響理財策略的制訂。具備理財知識，不僅可在經濟大環境不錯的情況下獲取比別人更多的收益，同時在經濟低迷期，可保護自己少受金融動蕩的波及、資產方面少受外界環境的侵蝕。

　　　個人理財是一個人一生的財務規劃，通過不斷調整規劃來實現的目標。通過設計將個人整個生命周期考慮在內的終身財務計劃，將個人未來的職業選擇、子女及自身的教育、購房、保險、醫療、企業年金和養老、遺產及繼承以及生活個人所必須面對的各種稅收等方面的事宜進行妥善安排，使個人在不斷提高生活品質的同時，即使到年老體弱或收入減少的時候，也能保持自己所設定的生活水平，最終達到終生的財務安全和生活幸福。在個人理財中貨幣時間價值是最基本的理論基礎，如果沒有貨幣的時間價值，通過理財來讓自己的財富保值和增值就沒有必要進行了。

關鍵詞: 個人理財；財務分析；投資收益；資金時間價值

Abstract：Since the reform and opening up， China's household income and wealth had substantially growth． As household income and wealth growth and world overall investment environment， at the beginning of the twenty-first Century， China 's financial market set off a craze -- people on the stock 's obsession， to fund the sought after reached the highest point， with prices rising fast， the advent of the era of negative interest rates， greater range the crowd on the financial demand increases increasingly， market set off on the irresistible financial． However， by 2008the situation has undergone great transition : with the impact of American subprime mortgage crisis， the whole of world economy began to slump， China has also been a degree of involvement， investors return to rational， to choose to deposit high safety factor of bank， so as to avoid financial the crisis brought about the loss of assets risk． From last year， the world economy is gradually recovering， from which can be seen， economic cycle is a cycle， a trough will have a crest， and optimistic， positive， rational application of vision to face the current performance is also unstable market．

　　　Personal finance is gradually valued by people， has been more and more individual attention． So， how to manage personal economy， is to maintain a family and live a good life the crucial question． Market economy apparent instability， also will affect the financial strategy． Preparation of financial knowledge， not only in the economic environment good situation gets more than others income， at the same time in the economic downturn， can protect themselves from financial turmoil spread， assets less affected by external environment erosion．

　　　Personal financing is a person life financial planning， through continuous adjustment of planning to achieve a goal． Through the design of the whole life cycle are considered lifelong financial planning， personal future occupation choice， their children and their education， housing， insurance， medical and pension， heritage and inheritance as well as living individuals must face various aspects such as taxation matters properly， so that the individual in improve the life quality at the same time， even to the frail or income decreases when， can also maintain their own set of standard of living， ultimately achieve lifelong financial security and happiness life． In personal finance monetary time value is the basic theoretical foundation， if not the time value of money， through financial to let their wealth and value added there is no need to．

Key Words：Financial management； financial analysis；time value of money