摘  要：本文介紹了土壤重金屬鎘污染來源及對人體和植物的危害及土壤鎘污染修復(fù)控制技術(shù)的研究槪況，重點概述了國內(nèi)外城郊蔬菜地土壤、蔬菜重金屬鎘污染現(xiàn)狀及監(jiān)測評價研究進展。通過對常州市郊的前黃鎮(zhèn)、橫林鎮(zhèn)、漕橋鎮(zhèn)、牛塘鎮(zhèn)、雪堰鎮(zhèn)、魏村和湟里鎮(zhèn)土壤及蔬菜的鎘污染狀況進行取樣分析，研究了鎘在土壤中的分布規(guī)律，以及鎘在不同種類蔬菜、不同部位的積累規(guī)律，同時采用單因子指數(shù)法對檢測結(jié)果進行評價。研究結(jié)果可為常州市郊蔬菜地鎘污染的治理提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下：

　　　1.常州市郊各鎮(zhèn)土壤平均Cd濃度高低順序為：前黃鎮(zhèn)>湟里鎮(zhèn)>橫林鎮(zhèn)>魏村>牛塘鎮(zhèn)>雪堰鎮(zhèn)>漕橋鎮(zhèn)；土壤Cd濃度與蔬菜Cd濃度間存在一定的相關(guān)性，回歸方程式為：Y蔬菜=0.2905X土壤-0.0194；R2=0.4277。

　　　2.土壤不同深度Cd濃度的分布為：表層>15~25cm>25~35cm>35~45cm；蔬菜各部位Cd的分布特征為：根>葉>莖>果。

　　　3.葉菜類蔬菜各部位Cd濃度分布規(guī)律為：根>葉>莖；根莖類蔬菜各部位Cd濃度分布規(guī)律為：葉>根>莖；花果類蔬菜各部位Cd濃度分布規(guī)律為：根>葉>莖>果；莢果類蔬菜各部位Cd濃度分布規(guī)律為：莖>葉>果>根。

關(guān)鍵詞：蔬菜地；鎘污染；監(jiān)測；評價

Abstract：This paper introduced the sources of cadmium pollution, and its hazards to human and plants. The present situation of repair and control technology on cadmium polluted soil was briefly introduced. The present situation of heavy metal pollution in vegetables and soils in urban areas of China and abroad was reviewed, and the progress in the studies of monitor and evaluation was summarized. This article researches the distribution regularities of cadmium in the soil and the accumulation patterns of cadmium in different kinds of vegetables and in different parts of vegetables through the analysis of pollution conditions of cadmium in the soil-vegetable system in outskirts of Changzhou: Qian Huang town, Heng Lin town, Cao Qiao town, Niu Tang town, Xue Yan town, Wei Cun and Huang Li town. We also use single factor index method to evaluate the results of measurement. The results will provide important theoretical basis for the governance of cadmium pollution in vegetables in the suburb of Changzhou.

　　　The main research results are as follows:

　　　1. The average concentrations of Cd in the soil samples of Changzhou suburban towns were in the order：Wei Cun>Huang Li town>Xue Yan town>Cao Qiao town>Qian Huang town>Heng Lin town>Niu Tang town；Cd concentrations in soils correlated with Cd concentrations in vegetables，and the Regression equation was: Yvegetable=0.2905Xsoil-0.0194；R2=0.4277.

　　　2. Cd concentrations in different depth of soils were：surface>15~25cm>

25~30cm>35~45cm；The distribution characteristics of Cd in different parts of vegetables were: root>leaf>stem>fruit.

　　　3. Cd concentrations in the parts of leaf vegetables were：root>leaf>stem；Cd concentrations in the parts of root vegetables were：leaf>root>stem；Cd concentrations in the parts of fruit vegetables were：root>leaf>stem>fruit；Cd concentrations in the parts of pod vegetables were：stem>leaf>fruit>root.

Key words：Vegetable field；Cadmium pollution；Monitoring；Evaluation