摘要:焦化廢水是煤在高溫干餾過程中以及煤氣凈化、化學(xué)產(chǎn)品精制過程中形成的廢水，水質(zhì)隨原煤組成和煉焦工藝而變化，是一種典型的難降解有機(jī)廢水。廢水中含有焦油、酚、氰、氨及大量有機(jī)物，其成分復(fù)雜，毒性大，它的超標(biāo)排放對(duì)人類、水產(chǎn)、農(nóng)作物都可構(gòu)成很大的危害。

    20世紀(jì)80年代一般采用的工藝為：廢水→回收→調(diào)節(jié)→隔油→生物處理→排放。

　　　20世紀(jì)90年代一般采用的工藝為：廢水→回收→調(diào)節(jié)→隔油→生物處理→深度處理→回用(熄焦，污染物轉(zhuǎn)移排放)或排放。其中深度處理多采用混凝或活性炭吸附工藝。

　　　2l世紀(jì)開始采用的工藝為：廢水→回收→調(diào)節(jié)→隔油→生物膜法→膜分離→回用(作為冷卻水、消防用水、綠化水，實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放)

　　　焦化廢水常用處理技術(shù)：

　　1、生物處理法：活性污泥法、AAO工藝、生物強(qiáng)化技術(shù)、固定化菌種等。

　2、現(xiàn)階段的輔助方法：鐵炭微電解、膜濾、生物活性炭技術(shù)、吸附或混凝等。

　　　3、焦化廢水處理新技術(shù)：濕式催化氧化技術(shù)、超臨界水氧化法、等離子體處理技術(shù)、超聲波法、深度氧化技術(shù)（AOP）、濕式氧化法(WAO)等。

　　　本文主要研究焦化廢水處理的發(fā)展歷程、現(xiàn)階段國(guó)內(nèi)外的處理技術(shù)以及今后的研究趨勢(shì)問題。并在此基礎(chǔ)上推選出目前更為科學(xué)合理的焦化廢水處理方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：焦化廢水、處理技術(shù)、發(fā)展概況

Abstract:Coking wastewater is in the high temperature carbonization of coal and coal gas purification process, chemical products formed during the wastewater purification. Composition and water quality coking coal with the change process. It is a typical refractory organic wastewater. They may contain tar, PHenol, cyanide, ammonia and a large number of organic compounds. And it complexes composition and toxic.

　　　In the 1980s, the process is generally used: Wastewater recycling → ??Recycling→Regulation→ Grease→ Biological treatment→Emissions.

　　　In the 1990s the process is generally used: Wastewater recycling → ??Recycling→Regulation→ Grease→ Biological treatment→Advanced Treatment

→Reuse. Which use more advanced treatment of coagulation or activated carbon adsorption process.

　　　2l century technology was used: Wastewater recycling  → Recycling →

Regulation → Grease →Biofilm → Membrane separation →Reuse.

    Coking wastewater treatment technology used:

     1、Biological treatment: Activated sludge、AAO 、Bioaugmentation、Immobilization of bacteria and other

      2、Auxiliary method of the present stage: Iron and carbon micro-electrolysis、Membrane filtration、BAC、 sorption or coagulation

      3、Coking wastewater treatment technology: Catalytic wet oxidation technology 、Supercritical water oxidation、Plasma Processing、Ultrasonic、AOP、WAO.

This paper studies the development of coking wastewater treatment process, at this stage of processing domestic and international research trends and future issues. The selection of the more reasonable the current treatment of coking wastewaterwill be proposed on this basis.

Keyword: Wastewater, treatment technologies, development survey