摘 要

　　　自第一部紀(jì)傳體史書《左傳》記載了投降禮儀開始。投降禮儀在歷朝歷代不斷完善和發(fā)展。在宋代，投降禮儀得到了一個全面性演變和發(fā)展。宋代是古代禮儀完善、成熟的時期。從北宋開始，國家開始制定專門的受降禮儀，受降禮儀被官方明確，并載于國史，《宋史》的禮書中就有受降一目。由于史書對“受降禮儀”做了史料記錄，這對“投降禮儀”的內(nèi)容和形式也是一個很好的反面證明。北宋時期，一些武降的投降禮儀隨著時代的發(fā)展而消失，文降在投降禮儀中占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位，降表成為主要的投降方式，獻(xiàn)俘儀內(nèi)容的逐漸完善，投降的形式和內(nèi)容更加具體化。北宋末期的投降禮儀雖然有了跨越式的發(fā)展。但至今人們還未對北宋投降禮儀的相關(guān)資料進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的整理研究。在北宋末期宋徽宗、宋欽宗兩位皇帝共同經(jīng)歷了亡國并向金施行了投降禮儀，其中別具特色的投降形式和內(nèi)容讓人耳目一新。

關(guān)鍵詞：北宋末期；投降禮儀；降表；獻(xiàn)俘儀

ABSTRACT

　　　From the first chronological history books, "Zuo Zhuan" recorded the surrender ceremony started. Surrender ceremony in constant improvement and development of various dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, the surrender ceremony was a comprehensive evolution and development. Song is the sound of ancient rituals and mature period. From the Northern Song, the state began to develop a special surrender ceremony, the official surrender ceremony was clear and contained in the national history, "History of the Song," the surrender ceremony of the book there is a purpose. As the history books of the "surrender ritual" doing the historical record, this "surrender ritual" the content and form is the opposite of a good proof. Northern Song period, the number of weapons surrendered drop the development of rituals disappear with the times, the text down in the surrender ceremony in the dominant, reducing the surrender of the table as a major way, offer prisoners the gradual improvement of the content of analyzer, the surrender of the form and content of more specific of. Surrender of the late Northern Song Dynasty ritual Although there has been leaps and bounds. But so far it has not yet surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty ritual related to the collation of data systems. Huizong in the late Northern Song, Song Qinzong two emperors lived through the implementation of national subjugation and surrender to the ritual of gold, of which the surrender of distinctive form and content refreshing. 

Keywords: Northern end; Surrender ceremonies; Drop table; Offer prisoners instrument