摘要:操作風險是指由不完善或有問題的內部操作過程、人員、系統或外部事件而導致的直接或間接損失的一種風險。商業銀行個人住房貸款業務作為銀行資產業務的主要業務之一，貸款資金的安全回收至關重要。因此，銀行提升自身操作風險管理水平，不斷規范銀行個人住房貸款辦理過程中的受理與調查、審查與審批、簽約與發放、支付管理以及貸后管理程序，從而盡可能減少操作風險給銀行帶來損失和影響。對商業銀行個人住房貸款操作風險研究不僅對銀行業的健康發展有利，同時對于整個社會經濟的良性發展具有很深的理論意義和現實意義。

　　　本文第一部分闡述了操作風險的相關含義，同時列舉了一些操作風險的類型。此外，也對商業銀行個人住房貸款的各業務環節操作風險進行了分析。第二部分則引入平衡計分卡的理念，使用平衡計分卡參與個人住房貸款各環節的評估與考核，使用這一方法對個人住房貸款業務人員加以監督和考核，積極監控操作風險。第三部分則提出在使用平衡計分卡參與商業銀行個人商業住房貸款管理及其在實施過程中應注意的問題，最后提出了應對個人貸款操作風險的防范對策及建議，以便盡可能減少因操作風險給銀行帶來損失。

關鍵詞：操作風險；個人商業住房貸款；平衡計分卡

Abstract:Operation risk is point to by not perfect or have a problem of internal operation process, the staff and the system or external events and lead to direct or indirect losses of a risk. commercial bank individual housing loan business as the bank assets of the main business of businesses, the safety of the loan recovery is very important. Therefore, banks to raise their operating risk management level, and constantly standard bank individual housing loan of accepting and investigation, examination and approval, signing and issue, pay management and loan program management, so as to minimize the risk to the bank operation damage and the influence. Personal housing loan to commercial banks operating risk is not only good for the health of the banking industry development centres, and at the same time for the whole social economic development has deep theoretical significance and practical significance. 

   The first part of this article expounds operating risks related meanings, also lists some type of operation risk. In addition, also analysis the commercial bank individual housing loan business links of the operation risk. The second part is introducing the concept of the balanced score card, and using the balanced score card to participate in personal housing loan of each section of evaluation and examination, to use this method to monitor and examine individual housing loan business personnel , monitor the operation risk actively. The third part puts forward in the using of the balanced scorecard involved in commercial bank individual commercial housing loan management ,and the problems should be noticed in the implementation process, and finanlly puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions about personal loan operational risk, so as to minimize the risk to the bank for operating losses 

Keywords: Operational risk， Personal housing loan business，Balanced Score Card