摘要:對牛蒡葉提取物抑菌作用進行初步研究，為開發(fā)天然植物防腐劑提供理論依據(jù)。以濾紙片法確定各種溶劑所得牛蒡葉提取液對大腸桿菌O157：H7、銅綠假單胞菌、單增李斯特菌、耶爾森氏菌屬、腸炎沙門氏菌、金黃色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌等各種食源性致病菌的抑制作用，同時采用薄層色譜和高效液相色譜對提取液中的抑菌活性物質(zhì)種類及含量進行初步分析。結(jié)果表明：丙酮、乙酸乙酯、異丁醇、氯仿、乙醇和石油醚所得牛蒡葉提取液對各種食源性致病菌均有一定的抑制作用，其中丙酮、乙酸乙酯、異丁醇、氯仿所得牛蒡葉提取液抑菌作用明顯優(yōu)于乙醇和石油醚所得牛蒡葉提取液。薄層色譜結(jié)果顯示：丙酮、乙酸乙酯、異丁醇、氯仿、乙醇和石油醚所得牛蒡葉提取液所含活性物質(zhì)種類高于乙醇和石油醚所得牛蒡葉提取液。高效液相色譜結(jié)果顯示：牛蒡葉提取液含量較高的成分有多種。由研究結(jié)果推測：牛蒡葉提取物的抑菌效果可能是由于多種活性物質(zhì)一起協(xié)同起抑菌作用的，并非只有某個單一物質(zhì)在起抑菌作用，具體起抑菌活性成分的物質(zhì)有待進一步分析。

關(guān)鍵詞 牛蒡葉；抑菌；薄層色譜；高效液相色譜

Abstract:To study anti-bacterial activities of extract from burdock leaf initially ,and to provide theoretical basis for the development of natural preservatives.This topic determined the  anti-bacterial activities of various extract from burdock leaf with filter paper method to a variety of food-borne pathogens ,such as E. coli O157: H7, pseudomonas aeruginosa, single listeria, Yale's bacteria genera, salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, deputy hemolytic bacteria vibrio cholerae, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was adopted to anlyze antimicrobial active substances from extract from burdock leaf initially. The results showed that acetone, ethyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, chloroform, ethanol and petroleum ether extract from burdock leaf had certain antibacterial effect for a variety of food-borne pathogenic bacteria, and the antibacterial effect of acetone, ethyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, chloroform extract from burdock leaf were superior to ethanol and petroleum ether extract from burdock leaf. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed: a variety of ingredients were anlyzed in extract from burdock leaf ,and the contents of these ingredients were higher.Speculation: There are a variety of antimicrobial active substances inextract from burdock leaf,and it is not only a single material in bacteriostatic action, it may be a variety of active substances which synergy together bacteriostasis,specific antibacterial active ingredients of the material needs further analysis.

Keywords  burdock  antimicrobial effect  TLC  HPLC