譯文（字?jǐn)?shù) 2379）

應(yīng)用題解決中示意圖的影響：增加認(rèn)知負(fù)荷的結(jié)果

IneIE.Berends*,Ernest C.D.M.van Lieshout

摘要

文字應(yīng)用題經(jīng)常伴有示意圖出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)前的研究檢驗(yàn)了不同類型效果圖是如何影響優(yōu)秀算術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)者（n=67)和不良算術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)者（n=63)在速度和準(zhǔn)確率上的表現(xiàn)。24個(gè)應(yīng)用題伴隨4種不同線索價(jià)值的示意圖呈現(xiàn)。結(jié)果顯示示意圖可以通過產(chǎn)生無(wú)關(guān)多余的或者相互作用的信息資源來(lái)對(duì)應(yīng)用題的解題表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生不利的影響。本文用認(rèn)知負(fù)荷理論來(lái)解釋實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，特別是與（不良）工作記憶能力有關(guān)的結(jié)果。

關(guān)鍵詞：算術(shù)；工作記憶；認(rèn)知負(fù)荷；示意圖

外文原文（字符數(shù) 8126）

The effect of illustrations in arithmetic problem-solving:

Effects of increased cognitive load

Inez E.Berends*,Ernest C.D.M.van Lieshout

Abstract

Arithmetic word problems are often presented accompanied by illustrations.The present study examined how different types of illustrations influence the speed and accuracy of performance of both good(n=67)and poor arithmeticians(n=63).Twenty-four arithmetic word problems were presented with four types of illustrations with increasing information value.The results show that illustrations can have a detrimental effect of information.Principles from cognitive load theory are used to explain the results,in particular in relation to(poor)working memory ability.