摘要:隨著汽車各方面性能的逐漸提高，汽車消費者也在不斷要求汽車各個零部件個體 及其匹配性能更加完善。輪胎作為汽車與道路接觸的唯一部件，對汽車的動力性、經 濟性、操縱穩定性、制動性、舒適性等有重要影響。輪胎剛度作為輪胎最重要的力學 性能，在整車設計分析中不可或缺。目前，考慮輪胎大變形引起的幾何非線性，橡膠 材料的物理非線性及接觸非線性的三維非線性有限元分析是輪胎性能研究的熱點。

　　　本文基于有限元方法研究輪胎的剛度特性。主要仿真輪胎的包覆剛度特性。包覆 剛度能真實的反應出輪胎的包容性。通過對輪胎剛度特性的有限元仿真，有助于設計 出符合最佳剛度特性要求的輪胎。

　　　論文建立在深入研究子午線輪胎結構和材料特性的基礎上，針對 175/65R14 型子 午線輪胎，通過 Hypermesh 軟件進行網格劃分，再使用商業有限元軟件 ABAQUS 建 立光面輪胎三維有限元模型。為真實反映輪胎的材料特性，本文采用 Yeoh 模型模擬 超彈性橡膠材料，加強筋模型模擬橡膠-簾線復合材料，進行包覆剛度仿真計算后與 試驗值進行了比較，發現仿真結果與試驗值較吻合，這就驗證了本文采用的包覆剛度 仿真方法是有效性。

關鍵字：子午線輪胎，包覆剛度，非線性，有限元法，仿真

Abstract:As all aspects of the vehicle's performances enhanced, the consumers also require the performances of individual parts in vehicle and which are matching each other perfectly. Tire as the only part contacted with the road. influenced importantly on vehicle's power, economic, handling, braking comfort performances and so on. Numbers of important performance of vehicle are relative to the mechanical characteristics of tyres, tyre stiffness characteristics also are one of the essential parameters in the whole vehicle design. At present,  Considering  the  nonlinearity  of  rubber  material,  geometric  nonlinearity  and contact nonlinearity using finite element method analysis is the hot study on tire performance.

　　　This article is based on finite element method to simulate the stiffness characteristics of tire, majorly simulating the coating stiffness. Coating stiffness can truly reflect the tire's inclusive. Through the simulations for stiffness characteristics of tire by finite element method, It can help design the tire with best stiffness characteristics.

　　　This paper based on an in-depth study of the radial tire structure and material characteristics for 175/65R14 type radial tire, by Hypermesh software for grid generation, and then use the commercial finite element software ABAQUS establish smooth tires three-dimensional finite element model. As a true reflection of the tire material properties, this  article  uses  the  Yeoh  model  simulating  hyper-elastic  rubber  materials,  reinforced model simulating rubber-cord composites, and by comparison with the test results confirm the validity of the simulation method.

Keyword:tire, stiffness analysis, nonlinear, finite element simulation analysis