摘要：在文獻研究和分析的基礎上，結合自身學習及教學實踐研究，首先對影響學生課堂發言的因素進行全面的猜測、分析和歸類，并試圖從小學語文、數學、外語課堂入手，通過觀察、溝通與交流等方式，對猜測的影響因素進行驗證及對教師的日常教學活動提出一些建議，以發揮其在實踐中的指導意義。強調教師在教學中保持有“黎明的感覺”和培養學生“學習愿望”的重要性。藉此導正關于師生互動中教師與學生的關系及地位問題的誤區，并確定教師應該是“平等中的首席”，即倡導教師應該充分發揮在教學中的主導作用。 

關鍵詞：小學生、課堂發言、互動

Abstract：Based on the literary researches and analyses, this thesis combines with personal study and practical researches in teaching. Firstly,I try to systematically speculate ,analyze and categorize the reasons for the communications with teachers and students; Keeping to the points of Chinese ,maths ,and foreign language in primary school ,combined with the observation ,communication and exchanging with the teachers and students ,to vetify the influential factors for the situations of students'speeches and offer the teachers some suggestions in teaching. What's more ,it also points out that teachers should maintain the importance of" senses of dawn" in teaching and nurture  the students’ will to learn. In accordance with the above expositions,the paper here rectifies the misunderstandings of the problems of states and relationship s between students and teachers in the process of interactions . And it decides the teachers ‘chief places in terms of equality’,i.e .it promotes that teachers ought to play dominant roles to the full in teaching!

Key words : pupils ,students’ specches , comparison

師生積極有效的互動不僅是教學目標順利達成的保障，更是對教師和學生的成長以及和諧的師生關系也有著重要的影響。師生積極互動首先需要教師的積極投入，進而調動班級學生的興趣。課堂互動包括教師提出問題后學生的反應以及學生提出問題后教師的解答甚至全班同學的討論。師生良好互動的一個重要標志就是學生在課堂上的積極發言和提出有價值的問題，本文主要研究課堂互動中學生對教師提出問題的反應。隨著新課程改革的進一步推進，曾經“沉悶的課堂”卻開始轉向“熱鬧的課堂”另一極端，我們倡導“既熱烈活躍又恬靜嚴謹”的課堂。“走進課堂”觀察小學生課堂發言情況，“跳出課堂”反思師生互動的問題及改進方法。